Linux commands

  Annice      2021-10-19      Commands, Linux

In my current profession working as a system integration developer I mainly work with PHP as a server language.

Moreover, we work on Mac computers with Linux based file systems through terminals on a daily basis.

In this post, I have just listed a few handy Linux commands.

Command: Description:
chmod +rwx <file> Add permissions to read, write and execute a file.
chmod -rwx <file> Remove permissions to read, write and execute a file.
clear Clear the console.
cp <file1> <file2> <destination> Copy multiple files to a directory.
diff -y -W 70 <file1> <file2> --supress-common-lines

Compare differences between two files. The "y" flag displays the differences side by side, while the "w" flag lets you choose the row width to avoid nestled rows.

find . -type f -name "*.php"

 Find all files with the file extension "php" in the current directory.

find . -name file.txt

 Find all files named "file.txt" in the current directory.

grep <search_word> *.txt

 Search for a specific word in all files with a certain file extension (in this case "txt" files) and then list matching files.

grep -rl "text here" <dir>

 Search for all files including "text here" in a given directory.

gzip -k <file>

 Zipp a file, but keep the original file using the "k" flag.

kill <pid>

 Terminate a specific system process by its PID.

kill -9 <pid>

 Force termination of a system process/PID.

less <file>

 Read a file's content without edit mode, including pagination etc.

ls -a

 List all content such as files and directories in the current directory.

lsof -i : <port>

 List all processes using a specific port.

mkdir <folder>

 Create a new folder in the current directory.

mv <file> <destination>

 Move a given file to a given destination specified as a path.

mv <filename> <newfilename>

 Change the name of a given file by "moving" it to its new name.

mv *.png ~/<dir>

 Move all files with the file extension "png" to a given directory.

php -a

 Aktivera en php-editor direkt i terminalen.

ping <host>

 Pinga a host and check its status, e.g. "ping google.com".

ps

 List all running system processes.

ps -a

 List all system processes, including the ones not running.

ps -ax | grep <appname>

 Find a system process by its name or PID.
pwd Output the full path of the current directory.
rm -R <dir> Remove a given directory/folder and its content in the current directory.
rm -f <file1> <file2> *.pdf Force removal of two given files, including all files with a certain file extension (in this example "png").
scp <file> Remotely copy a file, e.g. "scp fil.txt"
ssh Remote connect to a server, e.g. "ssh <ipaddress>".
su -c <command> <another_user> Run a command as another system user.
sudo <command> Execute a command as a super user. This is useful for commands requiring admin privileges.
tail <file> Output the last paragraph from a file, e.g. "tail log.txt". This command is useful while troubleshooting given that errors are logged in some sort of file.
touch <filename> Create a file in the current directory.
uuidgen | awk '{print tolower($0)}' Create and output a lower cased UUID string (version 4).
whoami Output the currently logged in system user.
!! Run the latest command.
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